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全球化浪潮下各国人才竞争日益激烈，培养具有国际视野和全球胜任力的国际人才已成为各国共识。美国作为世界教育强国，其培养的国际人才无论在数量层面还是影响力层面都有着优秀表现，这离不开美国政府、高校、社会组织等的多元主体协同。美国多元主体既各司其职又相互合作，在问题化阶段、利益赋予阶段、征召阶段、动员阶段发挥了不同的作用，共同构成美国国际人才培养网络。同时，美国多元主体在国际人才培养中存在着问题识别不清、利益赋予受阻以及征召和动员方式有效性不足等问题，阻碍了网络的有效运行。借鉴美国国际人才培养多主体协同的经验和教训，我国应以共同体理念引领行动者协同行动，加强合作；发挥政府的领导作用，主动开展相关行动；以有效的征召动员机制激发行动者积极性，保持网络的活力。
Abstract：Amid the wave of globalization, competition for talent among countries has become increasingly intense. Cultivating international talent with a global perspective and global competence has become a consensus among countries worldwide. As a global leader in education, the United States has achieved outstanding performance in both the quantity and influence of the international talent it cultivates. This achievement is attributable to the collaboration of multiple subjects, including the U.S. government, universities, and social organizations. These multiple subjects in the U.S. not only perform their respective duties but also cooperate with each other, playing different roles in the problematization phase, interest attribution phase, enrollment phase, and mobilization phase, and collectively forming the U.S.international talent cultivation network. Meanwhile, the U.S. multiple subjects face problems in international talent cultivation, such as unclear problem identification, blocked interest attribution, and insufficient effectiveness of enrollment and mobilization methods, which hinder the effective operation of the network. Drawing on the experiences and lessons of multi-subject collaboration in U.S. international talent cultivation, China should guide the collaborative actions of actors with the concept of community to strengthen cooperation; give play to the government's leading role and take the initiative to carry out relevant actions; and stimulate the enthusiasm of actors through effective enrollment and mobilization mechanisms to maintain the vitality of the network.
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基本信息:
中图分类号:G571.2
引用信息:
[1]方帆,孔令帅.美国国际人才培养的多元主体协同：行动者网络理论视角[J].比较教育学报,2026,No.362(02):49-61.
基金信息:
2025年上海市哲学社会科学规划一般课题“全球人才集聚的影响因素和上海路径研究”（项目编号：2025BCK009）
2026-04-08
2026-04-08